MODUL 7
ANALISA PROTOCOL
POKOK BAHASAN :
1. Analisa protokol.
2. Penggunaan tools pada linux.
TUJUAN PRAKTIKUM
:
1. Memahami tentang konsep PDU
layer 2 dan layer 3.
2. Mampu mengoperasikan arp,
wireshark dan tcpdump.
3. Mampu menganalisa paket layer
2 dan layer 3 menggunakan wireshark dan tcpdump.
PERANGKAT
PRAKTIKUM :
1. 1 buah komputer.
2. Sistem operasi linux.
3. Hub.
4. NIC.
5. Kabel
jaringan Cat5e.
LANDASAN TEORI :
Nomor
IP diperlukan oleh perangkat lunak untuk mengidentifikasi komputer pada
jaringan, namun
nomor
identitas yang sebenarnya diatur oleh NIC (Network Interface Card) atau kartu
Jaringan yang
juga
mempunyai nomor unik. Pengalamatan di NIC biasa disebut dengan MAC Address.
Pengalamatan
ini
merupakan bagian dari ethernet. Alamat kartu jaringan ini terdiri atas 48 bit,
24 bit ID dari pabrik
pembuat
sedangkan 24 bit sisanya adalah nomor urut/sequence number. Oleh karena itu
setiap kartu
jaringan
TCP/IP merupakan standar tentang mekanisme kerja jaringan, sehingga perangkat
lunak dan
perangkat
keras dari bebagai vendor dapat saling berkomunikasi. Agar dapat bekerja maka
TCP/IP
membutuhkan
perangkat keras jaringan dalam hal ini adalah Ethernet, meskipun ethernet bukan
bagian
dari
TCP/IP, TCP/IP hanya berinteraksi untuk menggunakan fasilitasnya menggerakkan
paket.
KEGIATAN
PRAKTIKUM :
A
ARP dan Wireshark
A.1
ARP (Address
Resolution Protocol)
Secara
internal ARP melakukan resolusi address tersebut dan ARP berhubungan
langsung
dengan Data Link Layer. ARP mengolah sebuah tabel yang berisi IP-address
dan
Ethernet Card. Dan tabel ini diisi setelah ARP melakukan request (broadcast) ke
seluruh
jaringan.
Lakukan
perintah arp -a. Tampilan dilayar monitor
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A.2
Jalankan software wireshark pada komputer target.
1.
Buka applications→Internet→Wireshark Network Analyzer.
2.
Masukkan password root-nya.
3.
Amati paket data yang lewat. Ambil contoh 3 saja.
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A.3
Lakukan perintah ping ke komputer target.
Perintah
yang digunakan dan tampilan pada layar monitor
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A.4
1. Jalankan perintah arp -a atau arp -n sekali lagi. Tampilan pada layar monitor
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2.
Stop wireshark dan amati prose yang terjadi pada wireshark
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3.
Jalankan wireshark sekali lagi pada komputer target dan lakukan ping sekali
lagi dari
komputer
sumber ke komputer target. Perintah yang digunakan dan tampilan pada layar
monitor
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A.5
Melakukan pengurangan ARP cache atau disable ARP cache.
1.
Jalankan perintah arp -d hostname (pakai salah satu hostname / no_ip yang
terdapat pada
arp
cache). Amati hasilnya dengan menjalankan perintah arp -a
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2.
Jalankan perintah ifconfig eth0 -arp down. Amati hasilnya dengan menjalankan
arp -a.
Tampilan
pada layar monitor.
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3.
Jalankan perintah ping ke komputer teman anda (yang berada di sebelah anda).
Tampilan
pada layar monitor.
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4.
Lakukan perintah ifdown eth0. Tampilan pada layar monitor.
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5.
Lakukan perintah ifup eth0. Tampilan pada layar monitor.
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6.
Lakukan perintah ifconfig eth0 arp up. Tampilan pada layar monitor.
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7.
Lakukan perintah arp -a. Tampilan pada layar monitor.
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8.
Jalankan perintah dhclient. Tampilan pada layar monitor.
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9.
Lakukan perintah ping ke komputer teman anda (yang berada di sebelah anda).
Tampilan
pada
layar monitor.
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10.
Penambahan ARP Cache. Lakukan perintah arp -s hostname physical address.
Misalnya
# arp -s 192.168.10.5 00-01-4A-FJ—FD-CF (Catatan untuk mencari physical address
pada
komputer teman anda gunakan perintah ifconfig)
1.
Lakukan perintah pada soal 10. Tampilan pada layar monitor.
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2.
Lakukan perintah arp -a. Tampilan pada layar monitor.
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11.
Bukalah konsole atau terminal baru. Lakukan perintah tcpdump -n. Tampilan pada
layar
monitor.
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12.
Lakukan perintah tcpdump -n -t. Tampilan pada layar monitor.
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13.
Lakukan perintah tcpdump -n -t -e. Tampilan pada layar monitor.
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14.
Lakukan perintah tcpdump -i eth0. Tampilan pada layar monitor.
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15.
Lakukan perintah tcpdum -X -i eth0. Tampilan pada layar monitor.
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TUGAS PRAKTIKUM
7 :
1. Apa
kegunanaan dari ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) ?
2. Jelaskan
mengenai ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) cache ?
3. Apa
kegunaan dari Tcpdump ?
4. Apa
perbedaan antara tcpdump dan wireshark ?
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